{"id":1098,"date":"2026-02-04T10:42:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T10:42:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/makefishingfair.org\/?post_type=update&p=1098"},"modified":"2026-02-04T12:47:59","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T12:47:59","slug":"access-quotas-and-the-future-of-small-scale-fishing-in-norway","status":"publish","type":"update","link":"https:\/\/makefishingfair.org\/pl\/update\/access-quotas-and-the-future-of-small-scale-fishing-in-norway\/","title":{"rendered":"Dost\u0119p, kwoty i przysz\u0142o\u015b\u0107 rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwa na ma\u0142\u0105 skal\u0119 w Norwegii"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o zdj\u0119cia: Solfrid Sande <\/em><\/p>\n

Alice Helleberg, rybak dzia\u0142aj\u0105cy na ma\u0142\u0105 skal\u0119 i adwokat<\/strong><\/p>\n

Voices from the Sea to seria artyku\u0142\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re przedstawiaj\u0105 punkt widzenia rybak\u00f3w ma\u0142oskalowych zaanga\u017cowanych w kampani\u0119 Make Fishing Fair. Co miesi\u0105c jeden z rybak\u00f3w podzieli si\u0119 swoimi do\u015bwiadczeniami z pracy na morzu, realiami rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwa na ma\u0142\u0105 skal\u0119 w swoim kraju oraz tym, co musi si\u0119 zmieni\u0107, aby zapewni\u0107 sprawiedliw\u0105 i zr\u00f3wnowa\u017con\u0105 przysz\u0142o\u015b\u0107 rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwa w Europie.<\/em><\/p>\n

Dorasta\u0142am na norweskiej wsi mi\u0119dzy Bergen i Stavanger, w pobli\u017cu wybrze\u017ca, ale rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwo nie by\u0142o cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 mojego dzieci\u0144stwa. Szkoli\u0142am si\u0119 i pracowa\u0142am w s\u0142u\u017cbie zdrowia i spodziewa\u0142am si\u0119, \u017ce b\u0119d\u0119 kontynuowa\u0107 prac\u0119 w tej dziedzinie, a\u017c do 2010 roku, kiedy pozna\u0142am mojego m\u0119\u017ca, rybaka w trzecim pokoleniu. <\/p>\n

Rozmawiali\u015bmy o tym, \u017ce mog\u0142abym do\u0142\u0105czy\u0107 do niego na \u0142odzi nast\u0119pnej zimy w ograniczonym zakresie, aby zdoby\u0107 do\u015bwiadczenie. Gdy zbli\u017ca\u0142a si\u0119 zima, a m\u00f3j m\u0105\u017c kupi\u0142 now\u0105 \u0142\u00f3d\u017a, zacz\u0119li\u015bmy rozwa\u017ca\u0107, czy mog\u0142abym przej\u0105\u0107 jego starsz\u0105 \u0142\u00f3d\u017a. To, co zacz\u0119\u0142o si\u0119 jako wst\u0119pny pomys\u0142, szybko przerodzi\u0142o si\u0119 w konkretny plan i w ci\u0105gu trzech miesi\u0119cy sta\u0142am si\u0119 w\u0142a\u015bcicielk\u0105 mojej pierwszej \u0142odzi w\u0119dkarskiej.<\/p>\n

W lutym 2015 roku wyruszyli\u015bmy z zachodniego wybrze\u017ca Norwegii w d\u0142ug\u0105 podr\u00f3\u017c na p\u00f3\u0142noc do Norwegii P\u00f3\u0142nocnej. Zrobi\u0142em to, nie maj\u0105c wcze\u015bniejszego do\u015bwiadczenia ani w rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwie, ani w prowadzeniu statku. Krzywa uczenia si\u0119 by\u0142a stroma, a miejsca na op\u00f3\u017anienia by\u0142o niewiele. Od pierwszego dnia musia\u0142em przej\u0105\u0107 pe\u0142n\u0105 odpowiedzialno\u015b\u0107 operacyjn\u0105. Uczy\u0142em si\u0119 poprzez dzia\u0142anie, szybk\u0105 adaptacj\u0119 i budowanie kompetencji poprzez codzienn\u0105 praktyk\u0119, podej\u015bcie, kt\u00f3re ukszta\u0142towa\u0142o zar\u00f3wno moj\u0105 pewno\u015b\u0107 siebie na morzu, jak i moje d\u0142ugoterminowe zaanga\u017cowanie w zaw\u00f3d.<\/p>\n

Jestem \u015bwiadoma, \u017ce wesz\u0142am do bran\u017cy z przewag\u0105. Mia\u0142em stabilno\u015b\u0107 finansow\u0105 i wsparcie, a tak\u017ce nie napotka\u0142em wielu barier, kt\u00f3re napotykaj\u0105 inni, zw\u0142aszcza kobiety. Mimo to w\u0119dkarstwo pozostaje zawodem, w kt\u00f3rym wiarygodno\u015b\u0107 zdobywa si\u0119 poprzez kompetencje. Odpowiedzialno\u015b\u0107, konsekwencja i do\u015bwiadczenie s\u0105 niezb\u0119dne, niezale\u017cnie od p\u0142ci.<\/p>\n

Obecnie wraz z m\u0119\u017cem jeste\u015bmy w\u0142a\u015bcicielami trzech statk\u00f3w. Na mojej \u0142odzi jestem odpowiedzialna za codzienne operacje. \u0141owimy g\u0142\u00f3wnie kraby czerwone i br\u0105zowe i sami zarz\u0105dzamy ca\u0142ym \u0142a\u0144cuchem warto\u015bci, od zbior\u00f3w i gotowania po sprzeda\u017c i bezpo\u015bredni kontakt z klientem. <\/p>\n

W sezonie krabowym moje dni zaczynaj\u0105 si\u0119 przed 4:30 rano i obejmuj\u0105 gotowanie, \u0142owienie ryb, logistyk\u0119, obowi\u0105zki rodzinne i realizacj\u0119 zam\u00f3wie\u0144. Zim\u0105 przenosimy si\u0119 na p\u00f3\u0142noc na kilka miesi\u0119cy, pracuj\u0105c w zale\u017cno\u015bci od pogody i warunk\u00f3w sezonowych. Praca jest wymagaj\u0105ca, ale zorganizowana, wykwalifikowana i g\u0142\u0119boko zakorzeniona w tradycji.<\/p>\n

Zaanga\u017cowa\u0142em si\u0119 w dzia\u0142alno\u015b\u0107 organizacji rybackich nie po to, by szuka\u0107 wp\u0142yw\u00f3w, ale by upewni\u0107 si\u0119, \u017ce przepisy odzwierciedlaj\u0105 rzeczywisto\u015b\u0107 na morzu. Zmiany w polityce maj\u0105 natychmiastowe konsekwencje dla rybak\u00f3w przybrze\u017cnych, ale decyzje s\u0105 cz\u0119sto podejmowane z dala od spo\u0142eczno\u015bci rybackich. Gdy praktyczne do\u015bwiadczenie jest wykluczone, regulacje mog\u0105 powodowa\u0107 niepotrzebne konflikty lub nieefektywno\u015b\u0107.<\/p>\n

Widzia\u0142em r\u00f3wnie\u017c, jak skuteczna polityka mo\u017ce poprawi\u0107 warunki. Dzi\u0119ki pracy organizacyjnej przyczynili\u015bmy si\u0119 do poprawy przepis\u00f3w dotycz\u0105cych po\u0142ow\u00f3w sieci skrzelowych wzd\u0142u\u017c wybrze\u017ca. Ograniczenia liczby sieci w fiordach zmniejszy\u0142y konflikty, poprawi\u0142y bezpiecze\u0144stwo i stworzy\u0142y lepsze warunki dla rybak\u00f3w ma\u0142oskalowych. Gdy regulacje s\u0105 oparte na rzeczywistej wiedzy operacyjnej, przynosz\u0105 korzy\u015bci zar\u00f3wno rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwu, jak i zarz\u0105dzaniu zasobami.<\/p>\n

Zmiany \u015brodowiskowe s\u0105 obecnie jednym z najwa\u017cniejszych czynnik\u00f3w kszta\u0142tuj\u0105cych nasz\u0105 prac\u0119. Zasoby dorsza przesun\u0119\u0142y si\u0119 na p\u00f3\u0142noc, a temperatury wody s\u0105 wy\u017csze ni\u017c wcze\u015bniej. Obszary, kt\u00f3re kiedy\u015b wspiera\u0142y lokalne rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwo, wymagaj\u0105 teraz dalekich podr\u00f3\u017cy do region\u00f3w takich jak Zachodni Finnmark. Zmiany te podkre\u015blaj\u0105 zale\u017cno\u015b\u0107 rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwa od zdrowych ekosystem\u00f3w morskich i \u015brodowiskowych.<\/p>\n

To sprawia, \u017ce niezb\u0119dna jest wsp\u00f3\u0142praca mi\u0119dzy rybakami, naukowcami i decydentami, a tak\u017ce ponad granicami pa\u0144stw. Zasoby rybne nie podlegaj\u0105 granicom politycznym, a zr\u00f3wnowa\u017cone zarz\u0105dzanie nimi zale\u017cy od wsp\u00f3lnej wiedzy i d\u0142ugoterminowego my\u015blenia.<\/p>\n

Pomimo wyzwa\u0144, nie jestem pesymist\u0105 co do przysz\u0142o\u015bci rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwa w Norwegii. Coraz wi\u0119cej m\u0142odych ludzi wchodzi do bran\u017cy, a liczba kobiet stale ro\u015bnie. Rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwo zapewni\u0142o mi cel zawodowy, kompetencje techniczne i silny zwi\u0105zek ze spo\u0142eczno\u015bciami przybrze\u017cnymi. Wzmocni\u0142o r\u00f3wnie\u017c znaczenie propagowania sprawiedliwego, \u015bwiadomego i praktycznego zarz\u0105dzania rybo\u0142\u00f3wstwem.<\/p>\n

Zdecydowa\u0142em si\u0119 by\u0107 rybakiem. Kontynuowanie tego wyboru oznacza r\u00f3wnie\u017c zobowi\u0105zanie si\u0119 do rzecznictwa wymaganego do zapewnienia rybakom ma\u0142oskalowym, a zw\u0142aszcza kobietom, praw, uznania i wp\u0142ywu niezb\u0119dnych do utrzymania zar\u00f3wno ich \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 utrzymania, jak i spo\u0142eczno\u015bci przybrze\u017cnych, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 od nich zale\u017cne.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Kredyt: Runa Andersen<\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Photo Credit: Solfrid Sande By Alice Helleberg, Small-Scale Fisher and Advocate Voices from the Sea is an op-ed series amplifying the perspectives of small-scale fishers engaged in the Make Fishing Fair campaign. 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