Voces del mar es una serie de art\u00edculos de opini\u00f3n que ampl\u00edan las perspectivas de los pescadores artesanales que participan en la campa\u00f1a Por una pesca justa. Cada mes, un pescador compartir\u00e1 su experiencia de trabajo en el mar, las realidades de la pesca artesanal en su pa\u00eds y lo que debe cambiar para garantizar un futuro justo y sostenible para la pesca en Europa.<\/em><\/p>\nLlevo casi 40 a\u00f1os pescando lubinas en la costa de Breta\u00f1a. Todo comenz\u00f3 en 1986, cuando, a la edad de 23 a\u00f1os, compr\u00e9 mi primer barco. En aquella \u00e9poca, el mar todav\u00eda proporcionaba el sustento a comunidades enteras de pescadores artesanales.<\/p>\n
Sin embargo, los pescadores locales se encuentran actualmente en un momento cr\u00edtico, ya que se espera que se desarrolle una legislaci\u00f3n crucial para la gobernanza europea de la pesca, incluida la Pol\u00edtica Com\u00fan de Pesca (PCP) y la pr\u00f3xima Ley del Oc\u00e9ano.<\/p>\n
Esto plantea la pregunta: \u00bfqu\u00e9 futuro queremos para nuestros mares y para aquellos que dependen de ellos para su sustento? <\/p>\n
Practico una pesca selectiva y de bajo impacto, dependiente de las estaciones, el clima y el respeto por el equilibrio natural. Esta profesi\u00f3n exige paciencia, conocimiento de los ecosistemas y sentido de la responsabilidad.<\/p>\n
Sin embargo, en toda Europa, quienes pescan con el menor impacto son a menudo los que m\u00e1s luchan para ganarse la vida. <\/p>\n
Durante a\u00f1os, los pescadores a peque\u00f1a escala se han enfrentado a crecientes dificultades: disminuci\u00f3n de las poblaciones, los efectos del cambio clim\u00e1tico, el aumento de la contaminaci\u00f3n, regulaciones complejas y, sobre todo, la concentraci\u00f3n gradual de los derechos de pesca en manos de los operadores industriales m\u00e1s grandes. <\/p>\n
Cuotas: una aberraci\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica y social <\/strong><\/p>\nEl quid del problema reside en la forma en que se asignan las cuotas de pesca.<\/p>\n
El sistema actual se basa principalmente en los \u2018derechos hist\u00f3ricos\u2019: cuanto m\u00e1s ha pescado un pescador en el pasado, m\u00e1s derechos recibe hoy. En otras palabras, quienes m\u00e1s han explotado los recursos siguen recibiendo la mayor parte de las cuotas. <\/p>\n
Este sistema favorece las operaciones a gran escala y penaliza a las embarcaciones costeras peque\u00f1as, a pesar de que utilizan m\u00e9todos m\u00e1s sostenibles. <\/p>\n
Este sistema contraviene el esp\u00edritu del art\u00edculo 17 de la Pol\u00edtica Pesquera Com\u00fan, que estipula que los Estados miembros deben tener en cuenta criterios medioambientales, sociales y econ\u00f3micos al asignar las oportunidades de pesca. <\/p>\n
El resultado es preocupante: ciertas especies clave, como el at\u00fan rojo y la caballa, se est\u00e1n convirtiendo gradualmente en el coto de caza de un peque\u00f1o n\u00famero de actores industriales muy poderosos.<\/p>\n
Los recursos pesqueros, que deber\u00edan permanecer como un bien com\u00fan, est\u00e1n en proceso de privatizaci\u00f3n. <\/p>\n
Batalla por el futuro de las regiones costeras<\/strong><\/p>\nEn varias regiones costeras europeas, la pesca a peque\u00f1a escala sigue siendo un pilar econ\u00f3mico, cultural y social. Sostiene puertos, mercados, talleres de reparaci\u00f3n de barcos y familias enteras. Tambi\u00e9n mantiene un v\u00ednculo directo entre los consumidores y la zona local. <\/p>\n
Las comunidades costeras no son solo una postal para los turistas. Est\u00e1n en el coraz\u00f3n de las econom\u00edas locales, la identidad y el patrimonio mar\u00edtimo de Europa. <\/p>\n
Fue para defender esta visi\u00f3n que se lanz\u00f3 la campa\u00f1a Make Fishing Fair, pidiendo una distribuci\u00f3n m\u00e1s justa de las cuotas y un reconocimiento genuino para los pescadores de bajo impacto. <\/p>\n
Una vez m\u00e1s este a\u00f1o, durante las Jornadas Mar\u00edtimas Europeas en Chipre, peque\u00f1os pescadores de toda Europa hicieron o\u00edr sus voces ante las instituciones europeas. <\/p>\n
Nuestra petici\u00f3n es simple: todo pescador deber\u00eda poder ganarse la vida dignamente de su oficio y que el acceso a las poblaciones de peces se comparta de manera justa. <\/p>\n
El futuro tambi\u00e9n depende de que la pr\u00f3xima generaci\u00f3n tome el relevo.<\/p>\n
Hoy, para un joven marinero, entrar en la profesi\u00f3n es una tarea casi imposible: el coste de las embarcaciones, el acceso a las licencias y la incertidumbre econ\u00f3mica. Sin pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas adecuadas, se acelerar\u00e1 el declive gradual de la pesca artesanal en Europa. <\/p>\n
La elecci\u00f3n del consumidor cuenta<\/strong><\/p>\nPero los consumidores tambi\u00e9n tienen un papel que desempe\u00f1ar.<\/p>\n
Cada elecci\u00f3n alimentaria respalda un modelo particular. Comprar pescado de comunidades costeras locales en lugar de productos estandarizados o de piscifactor\u00edas intensivas significa defender una cierta visi\u00f3n del mar: un recurso compartido gestionado colectivamente, en lugar de un espacio acaparado por unos pocos intereses privados. <\/p>\n
En esencia, la cuesti\u00f3n es tanto pol\u00edtica como medioambiental: \u00bfdesea Europa apoyar un modelo basado en la concentraci\u00f3n de derechos de pesca y la carrera por el volumen, o un modelo que mantenga florecientes a las comunidades costeras preservando al mismo tiempo los ecosistemas marinos? <\/p>\n
Para nosotros, pescadores europeos a peque\u00f1a escala, lo que est\u00e1 en juego va mucho m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de nuestra mera supervivencia econ\u00f3mica. Concierne a la democracia, la soberan\u00eda alimentaria y la gesti\u00f3n colectiva de los bienes comunes. <\/p>\n
Porque un mar sostenible nunca debe ser propiedad privada.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Photo credit: Louise Garin This article is live on the EUObserver By Gwen Pennarun, Small-Scale Fisher, President of the Brittany Handliners Association and the Low Impact Fishers of Europe Voices from the Sea is an op-ed series amplifying the perspectives of small-scale fishers engaged in the Make Fishing Fair campaign. Each month, a fisher will […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1157,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":[],"categories":[],"archive":[13],"class_list":["post-1154","update","type-update","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","archive-update","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"yoast_head":"\n
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