{"id":1098,"date":"2026-02-04T10:42:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T10:42:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/makefishingfair.org\/?post_type=update&p=1098"},"modified":"2026-02-04T12:47:59","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T12:47:59","slug":"access-quotas-and-the-future-of-small-scale-fishing-in-norway","status":"publish","type":"update","link":"https:\/\/makefishingfair.org\/es\/update\/access-quotas-and-the-future-of-small-scale-fishing-in-norway\/","title":{"rendered":"Acceso, cuotas y futuro de la pesca artesanal en Noruega"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cr\u00e9dito de la foto: Solfrid Sande <\/em><\/p>\n

Por Alice Helleberg, pescadora artesanal y defensora de la pesca a peque\u00f1a escala<\/strong><\/p>\n

Voces del mar es una serie de art\u00edculos de opini\u00f3n que ampl\u00edan las perspectivas de los pescadores artesanales que participan en la campa\u00f1a Por una pesca justa. Cada mes, un pescador compartir\u00e1 su experiencia de trabajo en el mar, las realidades de la pesca artesanal en su pa\u00eds y lo que debe cambiar para garantizar un futuro justo y sostenible para la pesca en Europa.<\/em><\/p>\n

Crec\u00ed en la campi\u00f1a noruega, entre Bergen y Stavanger, cerca de la costa, pero la pesca no form\u00f3 parte de mi infancia. Me form\u00e9 y trabaj\u00e9 en sanidad y esperaba seguir en ese campo, hasta 2010, cuando conoc\u00ed a mi marido, pescador de tercera generaci\u00f3n. <\/p>\n

Hab\u00edamos hablado de que podr\u00eda unirme a \u00e9l en el barco el invierno siguiente de forma limitada para adquirir experiencia. Cuando se acerc\u00f3 el invierno y mi marido compr\u00f3 un nuevo barco, empezamos a plantearnos si yo podr\u00eda hacerme cargo de su viejo barco. Lo que empez\u00f3 como una idea provisional se convirti\u00f3 r\u00e1pidamente en un plan concreto, y en tres meses me convert\u00ed en propietaria de mi primer barco de pesca.<\/p>\n

En febrero de 2015 partimos de la costa occidental de Noruega en un largo tr\u00e1nsito hacia el norte del pa\u00eds. Lo hice sin experiencia previa ni en pesca ni en manejo de embarcaciones. La curva de aprendizaje era empinada y hab\u00eda poco margen para retrasos. Desde el primer d\u00eda, tuve que asumir toda la responsabilidad operativa. Aprend\u00ed sobre la marcha, adapt\u00e1ndome r\u00e1pidamente y adquiriendo competencia mediante la pr\u00e1ctica diaria, un enfoque que dio forma tanto a mi confianza en el mar como a mi compromiso a largo plazo con la profesi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Soy consciente de que entr\u00e9 en el sector con ventajas. Ten\u00eda estabilidad financiera y apoyo, y no me enfrent\u00e9 a muchas de las barreras que otros, sobre todo mujeres, encuentran. Aun as\u00ed, la pesca sigue siendo una profesi\u00f3n en la que la credibilidad se gana a trav\u00e9s de la competencia. La responsabilidad, la constancia y la experiencia son esenciales, independientemente del sexo.<\/p>\n

Hoy, mi marido y yo somos propietarios de tres barcos. En mi barco, soy responsable de las operaciones diarias. Pescamos sobre todo cangrejo rojo y cangrejo pardo y gestionamos nosotros mismos toda la cadena de valor, desde la recolecci\u00f3n y la cocci\u00f3n hasta la venta y el contacto directo con el cliente. <\/p>\n

Durante la temporada del cangrejo, mis d\u00edas empiezan antes de las 4.30 de la ma\u00f1ana e incluyen cocina, pesca, log\u00edstica, responsabilidades familiares y cumplimiento de pedidos. En invierno, nos trasladamos al norte durante meses, trabajando seg\u00fan el tiempo y las condiciones estacionales. El trabajo es exigente, pero estructurado, cualificado y profundamente arraigado en la tradici\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Me involucr\u00e9 en organizaciones pesqueras no para buscar influencias, sino para asegurarme de que la normativa refleja la realidad en el mar. Los cambios en la pol\u00edtica tienen consecuencias inmediatas para los pescadores costeros, pero a menudo las decisiones se toman lejos de las comunidades pesqueras. Cuando se excluye la experiencia pr\u00e1ctica, la normativa corre el riesgo de crear conflictos innecesarios o ineficacia.<\/p>\n

Tambi\u00e9n he visto c\u00f3mo una pol\u00edtica eficaz puede mejorar las condiciones. Gracias a nuestra labor organizativa, hemos contribuido a mejorar la normativa sobre la pesca con redes de enmalle en la costa. La limitaci\u00f3n del n\u00famero de redes en los fiordos ha reducido los conflictos, mejorado la seguridad y creado mejores condiciones para los pescadores artesanales. Cuando las normas se basan en conocimientos operativos reales, tienden a beneficiar tanto a la pesca como a la gesti\u00f3n de los recursos.<\/p>\n

El cambio medioambiental es ahora uno de los factores m\u00e1s importantes que condicionan nuestro trabajo. Las poblaciones de bacalao se han desplazado hacia el norte y las temperaturas del agua son m\u00e1s altas que antes. Las zonas en las que antes se pescaba localmente requieren ahora viajes de larga distancia a regiones como Finnmark Occidental. Estos cambios ponen de relieve la dependencia de la pesca de la salud de los ecosistemas marinos y medioambientales.<\/p>\n

Por eso es esencial la cooperaci\u00f3n entre pescadores, cient\u00edficos y responsables pol\u00edticos, y m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de las fronteras nacionales. Las poblaciones de peces no siguen fronteras pol\u00edticas y su gesti\u00f3n sostenible depende del conocimiento compartido y la reflexi\u00f3n a largo plazo.<\/p>\n

A pesar de los retos, no soy pesimista sobre el futuro de la pesca en Noruega. Cada vez son m\u00e1s los j\u00f3venes que se incorporan al sector y el n\u00famero de mujeres sigue creciendo. La pesca me ha proporcionado un prop\u00f3sito profesional, competencia t\u00e9cnica y una fuerte conexi\u00f3n con las comunidades costeras. Tambi\u00e9n ha reforzado la importancia de abogar por una gesti\u00f3n de la pesca justa, informada y pr\u00e1ctica.<\/p>\n

He elegido ser pescador. Seguir eligi\u00e9ndolo significa tambi\u00e9n comprometerse con la defensa necesaria para garantizar que los pescadores artesanales, y especialmente las mujeres, tengan los derechos, el reconocimiento y la influencia necesarios para mantener tanto sus medios de vida como las comunidades costeras que dependen de ellos.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Cr\u00e9dito: Runa Andersen<\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Photo Credit: Solfrid Sande By Alice Helleberg, Small-Scale Fisher and Advocate Voices from the Sea is an op-ed series amplifying the perspectives of small-scale fishers engaged in the Make Fishing Fair campaign. 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